The science of electrophysiology is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It encompasses the voltage (current) activities and fluctuations that regulate the flow of ions throughout a cellular membrane, the nervous system, and muscle organs such as the heart.² Ions are atoms or molecules in tissue that carry a charge. These natural electrical signals provide intercellular communication through electromagnetic signaling and are essential to the homeostasis of cells and tissues. Homeostasis is a self-regulating process by which the cells in the body can maintain stability while adjusting to variable conditions to maintain life and survival.³ Learning the underlying principles of this cellular science contributes to understanding devices that stimulate and interact with tissue.  

CELL PHYSIOLOGY & ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

The body’s internal microcurrent allows for the precise regulation of the opening and closing of cellular membrane channels that influence cellular function under normal and pathological conditions.⁴  The harmonious flow of these electrical signals is essential to the healthy function of each cell, including cell-to-cell communication. The professional can equate cells to miniature batteries that are conductors of electricity, create energy fields, and are powered by a very low level of electrical current called microcurrent. They conduct electricity essential for optimum cellular communication and all intercellular activities. Cells polarize and depolarize through a unique electrochemical process to perform numerous functions. The nervous system, muscles, and cellular membranes are activated and operated by this internal voltage.⁵