Chemistry

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Chemical Exfoliation: Understanding Hydroxy Acids, pH, and More

Written by Linda Gulla

With cutaneous resurfacing there are various options depending on the condition of the skin and desired clinical outcomes. There are three types of exfoliating agents commonly used to resurface the skin. Keratolytic agents, keratocoagulant agents, and proteolytic agents. Keratolytic agents, such as hydroxy acids, work by breaking apart the bonds that hold skin cells together or by dissolving cellular glue. Keratolytic agents include hydroxy acids…

Published in Intro to Chemical Peels

Essential Waters in the Spa

Written by Cindy Jones, Ph.D.

Distilled plant waters or essential waters are becoming popular in spas. These distilled plant waters can be confusing and go by many names, including hydrolats, floral waters, herbal waters, toilet waters, aqua vitae, and distillates. In the United States, many people call them hydrosols or herbal distillates. Herbal distillates are obtained by distillation in a similar manner to how essential oils are obtained and have…

Published in Chemistry

10 Things to Know About Water

Written by Melanie Sachs

Water is very much on the minds of many people at the moment. The West Coast is in its fourth year of drought while much of the rest of the nation is experiencing record rainfall and flood. Nature is offering a reminder of her power and is forcing many to wake up and not take her precious resources for granted.

Published in Chemistry

Bath Therapies

Written by

Hydrotherapy, derived from the Greek words hydro and therapeia, meaning water and healing, is the application of water, either internally or externally, for the treatment of physical or psychological dysfunction. Bathing in water has been considered healing since the beginning of recorded time and across many cultures, from Hippocrates in the fourth and fifth centuries B.C., who used hot and cold water to treat a…

Published in Chemistry

The Physiology of Skin of Color

Written by Christine Heathman, C.M.E., L.M.T.

People with skin of color will soon make up the majority of the United States. This will have a significant impact on the practice of professional skin care. Generally, lighter shades of skin have been the dominant skin type in the United States. This is the skin type that the majority of skin care treatments are currently based on. However, these traditional facial, body, and…

Published in Chemistry